Volume16,Issue3

Introduction: Dental problems and retained deciduous teeth can hinder orthodontic treatment. Understanding their prevalence in orthodontic patients is essential for management and treatment. This study will determine the prevalence of specific anomaliesin selected population. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and retained deciduous dentition in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Secondary aims include exploring the relationship between specific types of dental anomalies and retained deciduous teeth and assessing demographic factors influencing prevalence. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study from January 2022 to March 2024 included 100 orthodontic treatment participants aged between 12–45. Sys. Clinical exams and radiographs were used to classify retained deciduous teeth and identify dental abnormalities. We examined demographic characteristics and these conditions’ prevalence using logistic regression and chi-square testing. Results: The results indicated a 35% prevalence of dental anomalies and a 20% prevalence of retained deciduous dentition among the study participants. The most common dental anomalies identified were hypodontia (15%) and hypodontia (10%). Among those with retained deciduous teeth, significant associations were observed between the presence of dental anomalies and retained teeth (p = 0.01). Additionally, a higher prevalence of dental anomalies was noted in male patients (p = 0.03). Conclusion: As orthodontic patients are more likely to have dental problems and retained deciduous teeth, the study underlines the need for thorough diagnostics and timely treatment. Complex oral health conditions require tailored treatment plans, according to several studies. Future studies should examine longitudinal outcomes and the origins of these aberrations to enhance orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: Dental caries is one of the most frequent chronic disorders affecting children worldwide and affects their health, academic performance, and quality of life. Community water fluoridation has helped prevent dental cavities by inhibiting bacterial activity and improving tooth enamel remineralisation. Caries prevalence may rise, especially in susceptible groups like children, once fluoride ends. The repercussions of this policy change must be understood to inform future public health activities. Objective: This research aims to determine wide spread of severe dental caries after water fluoridation halted in Bihar. The study examines age and socioeconomic level changes in children’s caries development and progression when fluoride was removed from the water supply. Methods: From January 2022 to March 2024, 500 6-to-12-year-olds participated in this retrospective study. This data came from department of Dentistry of Patna’s Nalanda Medical College and Hospital & Bhagwan Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Pawapuri, Nalanda Bihar in O.P.D. clinic records. Caries prevalence was determined by clinical dental examinations before and after fluoride cessation. Mild, moderate, and severe caries existed. The statistical significance of post-cessation caries prevalence and severity changes was examined using applicable software. Results: The study found that dental caries prevalence rose from 45% to 70% following discontinuation. Caries prevalence increased greatest in 6 –12-year-olds. Lower-income children had a disproportionately greater risk of moderate to severe caries. After fluoridation ended, dental caries incidence and severity increased statistically. Conclusion: According to the results, dental caries in children has increased dramatically after community water fluoridation was removed. These findings emphasise the need for innovative cavity prevention methods in children and fluoridation program reform.