Volume4,Issue1

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.), also known as amla, has been used in Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine. According to the main classic texts on Ayurveda, Charak Samhita and Sushrut Samhita, amla is regarded as the “best among rejuvenative herbs”, and the “best among the sour fruits”. In the present investigation, phytochemical screening and microscopical studies were carried out by Nikon Labphot 2 microscopic unit. The correct identification of the microscopical characters is of great interest for quality control in basic research and drug production, especially for raw materials sold by traditional herbalists

Aqueous methanolic extract of leaf of tamarindus indica ((Fabaceae)) were tested for anti-diabetic activity for alloxan induced diabetics in wistar rats. Aqueous methanolic extract shown significant protection and lowered induced blood glucose level to normal in glucose tolerance test. In alloxan in induced diabetic rats the maximum reduction in glucose was observed after 6 hours at a dose level of 200 mg/kg of body weight. Blood sugar level was determined using digital glucometer This laid the foundation to study the active compounds of such anti-diabetic plants that are responsible for the hypoglycemic activities. It also proves the traditional claim of nalgonda region regard tamarindus indica for its antidiabetic activity.these results indicate that the leaf of tamarindus indica posses significant anti-diabetic activity.

Bacopa monnieri a well known herbal drug , extensively using as memory enhancer all over the world. In Ayurveda Bhavaprakash nighantu described Brahmi(Bacopa monnieri) as Medhya, Ayushya, Rasayana. In Rajanighantu as Vatastra pittajit, buddhi, prajna, Medhya , Ayushyavardhini .Still utilizing from thousands of years due to lack of knowledge & availability, improper identification we are using Bacopa floribunda and other species in the name of Bacopa monnieri. Present study differentiated Bacopa monnieri & Bacopa floribunda in morphology, root TS, powder microscopy. Morphological character shows colour difference in flower, stem, root & leaf, also shows difference in microscopic study and also in powder studies.

This work has been done for the investigation and study of anti-inflammatory activity of solvent extract of dried leaves of Murraya Koenigii Spreng. The leaves, root and bark are tonic, stomachic, inflammation, itching and carminative. Internally in dysentery also checking vomiting. For investigation the activity it includes preliminary phytochemical investigation of extracts and further screening them for possible anti-inflammatory potential by using carrageenan induced paw edema model in albino Wister rats (150-200g) Ethanolic extract shown good significant in antiinflammatory activity. Where as Ibuprofen is standard drug. Thus our investigation suggests a potential benefit of ethanol extract of leaves of Murraya Koenigii in treating condition associated with inflammation.

Gloriosa superba Linn. (Family: Liliaceae) is one of the endangered species among the medicinal plants which is a striking tuberous climbing plant with brilliant wavy-edged yellow and red flowers common in forest throughout India and in Andaman Islands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytoconstituents of Gloriosa superba leaf and tuber extracts. All experiments were conducted following standard procedures. The results revealed the presence of various classes of compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, phenols and tannins. Resins was not detected from any of the extract under study. The results of the various phytochemical tests indicated that the plant to be rich in various biologically active compounds which could serve as potential source of the crude drugs that can be used as a complementary source of traditional medicines. We recommend further research on this plant for possible isolation and characterization of the various chemical active substances.

Capsicum annuum L. is one of the most economical and agriculturally important vegetable crops all over the world. Pepper is an autogamous plant, native to tropical America, which belongs to the Family Solanaceae. The red pepper is experiencing a rediscovery among health care practitioners, who have only just begun to uncover its marvelous therapeutic actions. It has been referred to as the purest and most effective natural stimulating botanical in the herbal medicine chest. It is commonly known as Red pepper in English and Mirchi in Hindi. Microscopy of the root shows radial type vasicular bundle, xylem is exarch, that is protoxylem is towords the periphery and metaxylem towords centre.Successive extractive value was highest in aqueous extract 3.40% (on dry weight basis). Mean ash value (%) were 9.27 (total), 0.74 (acid insoluble ash), and 1.49 (water soluble ash). Loss on drying was found to be 8.90%, total alcoholic-soluble extractive value 3.54% and total water-soluble extractive value 9.32% . Screening of all extracts indicated the presence of all constituents. TLC fingerprinting of different extract were also developed which showed a number of bands

Mosquitoes are responsible for spread of many diseases than any other group of arthropods. Diseases such as malaria, filariasis, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and chikunguinya are real threat to mankind. In the present study ethanolic extracts of leaves of Datura stramonium were evaluated for larvicidal and mosquito repellent activities against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. The LD50 values for larvicidal activity were found to be 86.25, 16.07 and 6.25 ppm against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus respectively. The ethanolic leaves extract of Datura stramonium provided complete protection time (Mosquito repellency) of 2.73, 71.66, 117.7 mins against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus at higher concentration (1%).

Pharmacognostical studies play an important role in the identification of the genuine plant of various Ayurvedic raw drugs. Adulteration/substitution exists for many ayurvedic raw drugs due to the non-availability of genuine herbs in required quantities and controversy in the selection of source plants. Solanum species are involved in ayurvedic preparations as the members of laghupanchamula group of plants. Present paper deals with the comparison of the roots of most commonly used species of Solanum by studying the micro-morphological, anatomical, physicochemical characters and chemical comparison by TLC and HPLC studies.